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───▄▀▀▀▄▄▄▄▄▄▄▀▀▀▄─── ───█▒▒░░░░░░░░░▒▒█─── ────█░░█░░░░░█░░█──── ─▄▄──█░░░▀█▀░░░█──▄▄─ █░░█─▀▄░░░░░░░▄▀─█░░█ █▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀█ █░░╦─╦╔╗╦─╔╗╔╗╔╦╗╔╗░░█ █░░║║║╠─║─║─║║║║║╠─░░█ █░░╚╩╝╚╝╚╝╚╝╚╝╩─╩╚╝░░█ █▄▄▄▄▄▄▄▄▄▄▄▄▄▄▄▄▄▄▄▄█  : Presillyn Tan Jie Yin, Fairview International School . recent update :
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Production
written by Presillyn Tan ✈
Production
Production
is the act of an organization to achieve its goal and does so by transferring the
raw materials or inputs into products or services at the lowest cost. In a
manufacturing organization, the production function transforms the raw
materials, labor, capital, machines and facilities used into final products. As
such, productivity implies a concern for both effectiveness and efficiency. The
product is the core of the production. The term “Product” means more than
tangible goods. Products are usually a combination of goods, services, ideas
and even people. Product is a set of features and advantages that have the
capacity to satisfy customer needs and wants, thus delivering valued benefits. The
production activities generally represent a large art of the organization’s
human and financial capital asset.
In
summary, we want to know what factors will influence the effectiveness and
efficiency of individuals, of groups, and of the overall organization. The
factors mostly depend on land, behavior, capital and enterprise. These factors
are used to transform raw materials into goods.
3 Main Production
Methods
v
Job Production
Job
means employment. Employment needs employees. Employee is an individual to
receive payment from employer, by performing services for employers under
single and customizes tasks for specific requirements of a company or
organizations. Normally, there are special requests when hiring an employee. They
require professional skills in certain things, such as, doctoring, accounting,
marketing, nursing, cooking and etc. The characteristic of a job is requiring
substantial interaction with an organization’s customers. The management of an
organization needs to ensure that employees do what it takes to please its
customers.
Job
production or one-off production, involve create custom work for a specific
customer or small bunch of works in quantity. For example, a doctor heals a
patient and gives advices according to their sickness. A doctor uses his expert
skills and knowledge about medicines or sickness to help their patients recover
as best as he can. The satisfaction of the patient is the service and the
attitude from the doctor. The doctor has the responsibility to heal his patient
until he / she recovers or in a good stable health.
v
Batch Production
Batch
production is a manufacturing process of transforming raw materials into
finished goods by using machines, techniques and man power of a manufacturer. Batch
production is a repetition of production. The process of producing the final products
is by going through one stage to the next one by one. Examples of final
products include cars, clothes, breads, films and etc. This method is good
because it reduces unit costs, fulfill the needs of specific customers and
increase output and productivity.
v
Flow Production
If the product is
going to penetrate a mass market, then flow production is an alternative method
for the product to be produced efficiently and effectively. Flow production is
a continuous movement on one operation through the production process without
stopping. The task of the work is that, once the first flow of production is
finished, the next flow must start immediately. Therefore, the timer of the
flow production must be the same. The production industry involves using this
method such as, Coca-Cola, cooking oil, canned foods and so much more. Flow
production needs intensive capital to use a high quantity of machinery and man
power to assembly in front line. The manufactures who are using this method can
achieve their economies of scale easily. The operation of the flow production
can operate for 24 hours, which can lower the cost per unit of production
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